International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Volume 8 Issue 4
July-August 2026

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The Impact of Congress–muslim League Rivalry on the Partition of India

Author(s) Ms. Madhavi Ugandhar Ramagiri, Dr. Siraj Khan
Country India
Abstract Despite the emergence of two independent countries, India and Pakistan, the Partition of India is still regarded as one of the most significant and sad moments in contemporary South Asian history. This essay examines how the political competition between the All-India Muslim League and the Indian National Congress significantly influenced the events leading up to partition. At first, these groups worked together to oppose British colonial control and to advance Indian political representation. But over time, political division and mistrust grew as a result of various national visions, opposing leadership philosophies, and ideological disagreements. The Muslim League, especially under Muhammad Ali Jinnah's leadership, stressed the defense of Muslim political identity and interests, whereas the Congress promoted a united, secular India. A significant change in Indian politics was brought about by the development of the Two-Nation Theory and the League's call for a distinct Muslim state. In addition, the two parties' differences grew as a result of the failure of important constitutional talks like the Cabinet Mission Plan. Tensions between communities were exacerbated by British colonial practices, which were frequently defined by a divide and conquer tactic. This paper contends that the contest between the Congress and the Muslim League developed into a larger struggle over identity, representation, and sovereignty rather than just a political battle. Partition became more and more probable as communal violence increased in the 1940s and government leaders failed to come to an agreement. In the end, persistent political rivalry and ideological differences between the two leading nationalist groups contributed to the formation of India and Pakistan in addition to colonial disengagement.
Keywords Keywords: Partition of India, Indian National Congress, All-India Muslim League, communalism, nationalism, colonial politics, Pakistan Movement, British India
Field Arts
Published In Volume 8, Issue 4, July-August 2026
Published On 2026-07-19
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E-ISSN 2582-2160
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CrossRef DOI prefix of IJFMR is 10.36948/ijfmr

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