International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

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Biomarkers Predicting Mortality in Sepsis: Comparative Outcomes of Scrub Typhus and Leptospirosis

Author(s) Dr. Mohammed Khaja Moinudeen, Dr. Jeeva George, Dr. Shreeya Singh, Dr. Aaleg Venu J, Dr. Nithya U Bhanu
Country India
Abstract Sepsis is a major global health burden, with zoonotic infections such as scrub typhus and leptospirosis contributing significantly to mortality in tropical regions. Leptospirosis and scrub typhus are important causes of acute undifferentiated febrile illness and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis and timely recognition of disease severity are crucial for improving clinical outcomes. This review examines biomarkers for mortality prediction in sepsis arising from these pathogens and compares their clinical outcomes. Established tools like the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, along with biomarkers including lactate, procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), and composite ratios such as lactate-to-albumin ratio (LAR), demonstrate strong prognostic utility. Scrub typhus typically exhibits case-fatality of 1–30% with appropriate treatment (untreated mortality has been reported as high as 60%), often linked to eschar, myocarditis, and ARDS, whereas leptospirosis (particularly Weil's disease) shows higher mortality (up to 50% in severe cases) driven by renal failure, jaundice, and pulmonary hemorrhage. Differences in organ involvement influence biomarker profiles, with leptospirosis associated with more pronounced renal and hepatic dysfunction. Early integration of biomarkers and scoring systems can optimize triage and management in resource-limited settings. This synthesis highlights pathophysiological distinctions, diagnostic challenges, and implications for clinical practice.
Keywords: Sepsis; mortality biomarkers; scrub typhus; leptospirosis; SOFA score; lactate; hyperuricemia; pentraxin-3; C-reactive protein; procalcitonin; polymerase chain reaction; QuickLepto; prognostic biomarkers; disease severity.
Field Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 8, Issue 4, July-August 2026
Published On 2026-07-22
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E-ISSN 2582-2160
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CrossRef DOI prefix of IJFMR is 10.36948/ijfmr

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