International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Volume 8 Issue 4
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Paediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (Matched unrelated donor stem cell transplantation in a case of hemoglobin E/β-thalassemia): A caregiver’s Challenges

Author(s) Ms. Sarita Mahapatra, Ms. Phurailatpam Radharani Sharma, Ms. Mangala Chatterjee, Captain Madhukari Ray
Country India
Abstract A 5-year-old girl born to non-consanguineous parents was diagnosed with hemoglobin E/β-thalassemia at 14 months of age. Genetic evaluation revealed that her mother was a carrier of the hemoglobin E gene and her father had β-thalassemia trait. She required 36 blood transfusions before undergoing a haplo identical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), which subsequently resulted in graft rejection. She was referred to Apollo Multispeciality Hospitals, Kolkata, for further management. Following urgent re-evaluation, a fully matched unrelated donor was identified through the DATRI registry, and a second HSCT was successfully performed after an appropriate conditioning regimen. Despite developing severe post-transplant complications, including profound neutropenia, septic shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and cardiac arrest requiring cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the child was successfully managed with intensive multidisciplinary care. Comprehensive nursing interventions included reverse barrier nursing, strict aseptic line care, ventilatory support, prone positioning, hemodynamic stabilization, nutritional support, blood component therapy, and continuous monitoring for infection and organ dysfunction. Timely recognition of complications, evidence-based antimicrobial therapy, and specialized nursing care contributed significantly to the patient's recovery. This case highlights that repeat matched unrelated donor HSCT can be a successful curative option after graft failure in paediatric hemoglobin E/β-thalassemia and emphasizes the pivotal role of multidisciplinary collaboration and expert nursing care in improving clinical outcomes.
Keywords HbE/β-thalassemia, HSCT, haploidentical transplant, Matched unrelated donor (MUD) HSCT
Published In Volume 8, Issue 4, July-August 2026
Published On 2026-07-24
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E-ISSN 2582-2160
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CrossRef DOI prefix of IJFMR is 10.36948/ijfmr

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