Cybersecurity, Digital Governance, and National Security: Emerging Challenges and Policy Responses in India

Author(s)	Mr. Ritesh Kumar Panda
Country	India
Abstract	This paper studies how cyber security, digital governance, and national security are connected in India. It looks on three things. The new laws and institutions made by government, and the gap between policy and real implementation and the changing cyber threats. Now a days India’s cyber -attack risk has increased a lot. because, digital India and fast development of digital public infrastructure. According to official documents and research from 2013 to 2025, the paper shows India’s journey from the IT act of 2000 to the digital personal data protection act 2023, The national cybersecurity framework 2024, and the Telecom cyber security rules 2024. In order to improve India's cyber resilience while upholding democratic governance principles, the research highlights three major issues: the geopolitics of data sovereignty, the fragmented regulatory architecture, and the conflict between civil liberties and state monitoring. Scholars, decision-makers, and security specialists addressing the new governance issues of digitally networked countries in the Global South should evaluate the findings.
Keywords	Cybersecurity; Digital Governance; National Security; India; CERT-In; DPDP Act; Data sovereignty; Critical information infrastructure; Policy
Field	Computer Applications
Published In	Volume 8, Issue 4, July-August 2026
Published On	2026-07-24
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i04.84439

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