International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

A Widely Indexed Open Access Peer Reviewed Multidisciplinary Bi-monthly Scholarly International Journal

Call for Paper Volume 8, Issue 4 (July-August 2026) Submit your research before last 3 days of August to publish your research paper in the issue of July-August.
Submit Research Paper Join as a Reviewer

Plagiarism is checked by the leading plagiarism checker TurnItIn

Call for Paper

Volume 8 Issue 4
July-August 2026

Submit your research paper

Indexing Partners
Academia Advanced Sciences Index Bielefeld Academic Search Engine CiteSeer DRJI Google Scholar Independent Search Engine & Directory Network ISI (International Scientific Indexing) Issuu Mendeley Research Networks
RefSeek ResearcherId - Thomson Reuters ResearchGate Scirus Scribd Semantic Scholar UTeM - Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Wiki for Call for Papers WorldCat Zenodo

Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) in the Indian Context: A Systematic Literature Review

Author(s) Subatra Kali, Dr. Jameela K
Country India
Abstract The Indian judicial system faces significant delays due to a large backlog of cases in district courts and subordinate tribunals, the primary forum for most citizens seeking justice. These delays, driven by limited infrastructure and judicial vacancies, reduce the efficiency of dispute resolution. Although alternative dispute resolution (ADR) has grown, many commercial disputes still require court intervention, while court congestion delays even lower-value claims. The resulting uncertainty increases business costs and discourages investment, highlighting the need for faster and more accessible dispute resolution methods.

Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) offers a promising solution to these challenges. India's large population, expanding digital economy, widespread smartphone use, and growing e-commerce sector make it well suited for digital dispute resolution. ODR enables parties to resolve disputes remotely, reducing costs, overcoming geographic barriers, and improving access to justice. Its adoption has accelerated globally since the COVID-19 pandemic, and India's digital public infrastructure, including India Stack, provides a strong foundation for its implementation.

This systematic literature review examines the development and adoption of ODR in India. It reviews ODR's legal and conceptual foundations, key drivers, mechanisms, and case studies, while analyzing barriers such as legal uncertainty, technological inequality, and social resistance. The review also compares international practices, assesses ODR's impact on judicial efficiency and access to justice, and identifies policy recommendations and future research directions.
Keywords Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) in India, Judicial Backlog and Justice Delivery, Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) Framework, Digital Justice and Legal Technology, Access to Justice in India, Regulatory and Legal Framework for ODR, Digital Divide, Trust, and Adoption Barriers, E-commerce and Consumer Dispute Resolution
Field Sociology > Administration / Law / Management
Published In Volume 8, Issue 4, July-August 2026
Published On 2026-07-29
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i04.84732
View / Download PDF File

Share this



E-ISSN 2582-2160
CrossRef

CrossRef DOI prefix of IJFMR is 10.36948/ijfmr

Downloads
Research Paper Format Copyright Permission Form and Undertaking Form Cover Page Vol 8 Isu 4Cover Page Vol 8 Isu 3Cover Page Vol 8 Isu 2

All research papers published on this website are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, and all rights belong to their respective authors/researchers.

CC-BY-SA Open Access

About IJFMR
Fees & Payment
Current Issue
Publication Archive 		Submit Research Paper
Track Submission Status
Publication Guidelines
Publication Ethics
Peer Review & Plagiarism 		Join as a Reviewer
Editors & Reviewers
Reviewer Referral Program
Get Reviewer Membership Certi. 		Website/Journal Policies
Usage Policy
Content Policies
Privacy Policy
Contact Us +91-9687-828-838 editor@ijfmr.com
Powered by Sky Research Publication and Journals