International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

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Volume 8 Issue 4
July-August 2026

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Hyponatremia as an Independent Predictor of Mortality in Medical Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Prospective Observational Study

Author(s) Dr. Mohammed Khaja Moinudeen, Dr. Sai Mouli Krishna Garre, Dr. Durgam Varsha, Ms. Preethi Rajshekar, Dr. Akshitha Kasa
Country India
Abstract Background: Hyponatremia is the most frequently encountered electrolyte abnormality in hospitalized and critically ill patients. While established as a marker of severe systemic stress, its exact prognostic value as an independent predictor of mortality in medical intensive care unit (ICU) cohorts remains under continuous evaluation. Objective: To investigate the prevalence, severity distribution, underlying etiologies, and independent prognostic impact of hyponatremia on in-hospital mortality among patients admitted to a medical ICU. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted involving 150 consecutive adult patients admitted to the medical ICU. Serum sodium concentrations were recorded at admission and categorized according to standard guidelines: mild (130–135 mmol/L), moderate (125–129 mmol/L), and severe (<125 mmol/L). Clinical parameters, APACHE II scores, length of stay, and mortality outcomes were evaluated. Results: Hyponatremia was documented in 32.7% (n=49) of the study cohort upon admission. Patients with hyponatremia exhibited a significantly higher overall mortality rate (38.8%) compared to normonatremic patients (12.9%, p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression confirmed that moderate-to-severe hyponatremia, alongside APACHE II score, was an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality. Furthermore, hyponatremic patients experienced significantly prolonged mechanical ventilation and extended ICU stays. Conclusion: Admission hyponatremia is a potent, independent predictor of mortality and adverse clinical outcomes in critically ill medical ICU patients, emphasizing the critical need for prompt recognition and rigorous management of sodium balance.
Field Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 8, Issue 4, July-August 2026
Published On 2026-07-31
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E-ISSN 2582-2160
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CrossRef DOI prefix of IJFMR is 10.36948/ijfmr

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