Energy-harvesting Concrete using Wifi/5g Radiation

PRAKASH R; KARTHIKA T; GOWRI C

Energy-harvesting Concrete using Wifi/5g Radiation

Author(s)	Mr. PRAKASH R, Ms. KARTHIKA T, Ms. GOWRI C
Country	India
Abstract	Modern cities are rapidly developing with the widespread use of wireless communication technologies such as WiFi and 5G networks. These systems continuously emit electromagnetic radiation into the environment to enable seamless connectivity and data transfer. Although this radiation is generally considered safe for human exposure, it remains a largely unused source of energy. At the same time, urban infrastructure systems such as street lighting, environmental sensors, and monitoring devices require a continuous and reliable power supply. These systems mostly depend on conventional electricity or battery-based sources, leading to increased energy consumption, higher maintenance costs, and environmental concerns. The major challenge in modern civil engineering is the lack of self-powered infrastructure systems that can operate sustainably without relying heavily on external energy sources. To address this issue, this study proposes the concept of energy-harvesting concrete, which aims to convert ambient electromagnetic radiation into usable electrical energy. The proposed system involves embedding energy-harvesting components such as antennas, rectennas, and electronic circuits within the concrete matrix. These components work together to capture WiFi and 5G signals from the surrounding environment and convert them into electrical energy. The process consists of three main stages. First, antennas integrated into the concrete capture electromagnetic waves. Second, the rectenna system converts the alternating signals into direct current (DC) electricity through rectification. Third, the generated energy is stored in batteries or capacitors for later use. To enhance the efficiency of energy conversion, conductive materials such as carbon fibers or graphene are incorporated into the concrete mix. These materials improve electrical conductivity while maintaining the structural strength and durability of the concrete. This smart concrete can be applied in various infrastructure systems, including roads, buildings, and bridges, enabling them to function as self-powered units. Experimental studies indicate that although the amount of energy generated is relatively low, it is sufficient for powering low-energy devices such as LED lighting systems, sensors, and Internet of Things (IoT) applications. The performance of the system depends on factors such as signal strength, frequency, distance from the source, and efficiency of the rectenna. In conclusion, energy-harvesting concrete offers a sustainable and innovative solution for modern infrastructure by utilizing unused electromagnetic radiation. It reduces dependency on conventional power sources, lowers maintenance requirements, and supports the development of smart and energy-efficient cities.
Keywords	Energy Harvesting, Smart Concrete, WiFi/5G Radiation, Rectenna, Sustainable Construction, Internet of Things (IoT).
Field	Engineering
Published In	Volume 8, Issue 4, July-August 2026
Published On	2026-08-08

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International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Energy-harvesting Concrete using Wifi/5g Radiation

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