International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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A Retrospective Evaluation of Cranio-Cerebral Injuries of Fatal Road Traffic Incidents in Southern part of Assam that have been brought for Medico-Legal Autopsy

Author(s) Dr. Bichitra Bijoy Hazarika, Prof. Dr. Samuel Tokbi, Prof. Dr. Yengkhom Nungshiton Singha, Dr. Sumish P Suresh, RajkumariPreety Devi, Moon Prasad Senapati
Country India
Abstract Road traffic accidents currently represent a severe global public health crisis and serve as the leading etiology of traumatic cranio-cerebral injuries. This retrospective autopsy-based study aims to comprehensively evaluate the pattern and distribution of cranio-cerebral injuries among fatal road traffic accident victims in the southern part of Assam. Out of 938 medico-legal autopsies conducted during the one-year study period, 168 cases (17.91%) were confirmed fatalities resulting from road traffic accidents involving head injuries. Demographic analysis revealed a pronounced male preponderance, accounting for 88.10% of the cases. The most vulnerable demographic was the 41–50 years age group (29.76%), with businessmen comprising the most frequently affected occupational cohort (26.19%). Polytrauma was highly prevalent, with combined injuries to the head and limbs observed in 25.00% of cases. Pathological evaluation of the head injuries demonstrated that contusions were the most common primary scalp injury (53.57%). Fractures predominantly involved the base of the skull (34.69%) and the frontal bone (28.57%). Intracranial analysis revealed that subdural haemorrhage was the principal cause of terminal brain injury, present in 55.36% of cases. The findings indicate a clear vulnerability among the economically active male population and underscore the distinct biomechanical forces—specifically angular acceleration and rapid deceleration—responsible for fatal intracranial haemorrhages. The study highlights the urgent requirement for stringent traffic regulations, infrastructure enhancement, and advanced regional neuro-trauma care facilities to mitigate the escalating mortality associated with high-velocity vehicular impacts in the region.
Keywords Road traffic accidents currently represent a severe global public health crisis and serve as the leading etiology of traumatic cranio-cerebral injuries. This retrospective autopsy-based study aims to comprehensively evaluate the pattern and distribution of cranio-cerebral injuries among fatal road traffic accident victims in the southern part of Assam. Out of 938 medico-legal autopsies conducted during the one-year study period, 168 cases (17.91%) were confirmed fatalities resulting from road traffic accidents involving head injuries. Demographic analysis revealed a pronounced male preponderance, accounting for 88.10% of the cases. The most vulnerable demographic was the 41–50 years age group (29.76%), with businessmen comprising the most frequently affected occupational cohort (26.19%). Polytrauma was highly prevalent, with combined injuries to the head and limbs observed in 25.00% of cases. Pathological evaluation of the head injuries demonstrated that contusions were the most common primary scalp injury (53.57%). Fractures predominantly involved the base of the skull (34.69%) and the frontal bone (28.57%). Intracranial analysis revealed that subdural haemorrhage was the principal cause of terminal brain injury, present in 55.36% of cases. The findings indicate a clear vulnerability among the economically active male population and underscore the distinct biomechanical forces—specifically angular acceleration and rapid deceleration—responsible for fatal intracranial haemorrhages. The study highlights the urgent requirement for stringent traffic regulations, infrastructure enhancement, and advanced regional neuro-trauma care facilities to mitigate the escalating mortality associated with high-velocity vehicular impacts in the region.
Field Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 8, Issue 4, July-August 2026
Published On 2026-08-09
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i04.85005
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