Comparative Study Of Acoustic And Perceptual Analysis Of Voice In Healthy Women, Women With Hypothyroidism And Hyperthyroidism In Kerala

Anjali Sanjay; Vini Abhijith Gupta

doi:10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i04.85311

Comparative Study Of Acoustic And Perceptual Analysis Of Voice In Healthy Women, Women With Hypothyroidism And Hyperthyroidism In Kerala

Author(s)	Ms. Anjali Sanjay, Dr. Vini Abhijith Gupta
Country	India
Abstract	Thyroid disorders, primarily hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, represent the most prevalent endocrine conditions affecting the laryngeal system and inducing vocal changes through distinct pathophysiological mechanisms. Standard protocols prioritize metabolic and cardiovascular stability, while frequently undermining the individual’s communicative quality of life (QoL). Therefore, a standard voice assessment should be included in routine evaluation. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the acoustic and perceptual voice characteristics in young adult females aged 18–35 years diagnosed with hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism against healthy women in Kerala. A total of 45 female participants were selected and divided equally into three groups: Group 1 (15 healthy women), Group 2 (15 women with hypothyroidism), and Group 3 (15 women with hyperthyroidism). Acoustic analysis was conducted using PRAAT software (version 6.4.56) to extract fundamental frequency (F0), jitter%, shimmer%, harmonics-to-noise ratio (HNR), and noise-to-harmonics ratio (NHR) from sustained /a/ vowels. Perceptual assessment was independently completed by a speech-language pathologist (SLP) utilizing the standardized 4-point GRBAS scale. The results revealed that F0 was highest in healthy controls (213.93 Hz), intermediate in women with hyperthyroidism (180.07 Hz) and lowest in women with hypothyroidism (167.60 Hz). Frequency and amplitude perturbations increased sharply in both clinical groups, peaking in hypothyroidism (Jitter: 1.44%; Shimmer: 4.46%) followed by hyperthyroidism (Jitter: 1.33%; Shimmer: 3.83%). Spectral measures confirmed severe glottal inefficiency in hypothyroidism, which showed the lowest HNR (14.63 dB) and highest NHR (0.30). Perceptually, 100% of controls presented normal voice quality, while women with hypothyroidism demonstrated the highest rates of moderate-to-severe dysphonia, roughness, breathiness, and asthenia. Women with hyperthyroidism predominantly displayed mild-to-moderate vocal changes. Both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism result in distinct, objective and quantifiable vocal deviations detectable via acoustic and perceptual protocols. SLPs serve an essential role in the multi-disciplinary management of endocrine disorders, utilizing multi-dimensional voice analysis to diagnose voice deviations due to laryngeal tissue changes early, track treatment efficacy and provide targeted, evidence-based vocal rehabilitation.
Keywords	Thyroid disorders, women with hypothyroidism, women with hyperthyroidism, acoustic analysis, perceptual analysis, Kerala
Field	Medical / Pharmacy
Published In	Volume 8, Issue 4, July-August 2026
Published On	2026-08-09
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i04.85311

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Comparative Study Of Acoustic And Perceptual Analysis Of Voice In Healthy Women, Women With Hypothyroidism And Hyperthyroidism In Kerala

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