International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Volume 8 Issue 4
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The Genesis of the Cosmos: A Comparative Study of Vedic, Upanishadic, and Puranic Cosmological Theories

Author(s) Mr. Sourav Kumar Sharma
Country India
Abstract Abstract
Cosmology in Vedic literature shows a complex way of looking at how the universe began, how it is structured, how it works and how it changes over time. It brings together ideas that're spiritual, religious and early scientific. Hindu cosmology as found in the Vedas, Upanishads and Puranas talks about the universe as something that cycles over and over. The universe is always going through creation staying the same and then breaking down. These steps are not straight lines. They happen in a never-ending and repeating pattern of time. This means there is no starting point or final ending. Vedic and Upanishadic texts say that everything in the world we see was already there in an not yet visible form inside Brahman. Brahman is the idea that everything comes from. So creation is not about making something from nothing. It is about showing something that was already there. This is called manifestation. It happens because of the will or the plan of Brahman. Some of the texts like the Ṛgveda, especially the Nasadiya Sukta and the Aitareya and Taittiriya Upanishads talk about different but connected ways the universe came to be. These texts describe the unity of everything, the role of awareness and how many things come from one single truth.. They explain the balance between being and not being. They also talk about energy and desire as the things that help the universe grow and change. Hindu cosmology thinks of time as never ending, always going in circles and not straight. The universe we live in is one part of a long list of cycles. The universe comes from Brahman. Then go back to it. This shows that everything is connected and returns to the place. The Puranas add details to these ideas. They use symbols, like the Hiraṇyagarbha (the cosmic embryo), and the cosmic being Virāṭ Puruṣa to show the whole universe.
Keywords Keywords: Rigvedic Cosmology, Nasadiya Sukta, Hiraṇyagarbha, Purusha (Supreme Spirit), Prakriti (Nature), Virāṭ Puruṣa,
Field Arts
Published In Volume 8, Issue 4, July-August 2026
Published On 2026-08-10
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E-ISSN 2582-2160
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CrossRef DOI prefix of IJFMR is 10.36948/ijfmr

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