An Assessment of the Inclusivity of Victim during Trial in Indian Criminal Justice System

Author(s)	Mr. Vaibhav Singh Yadav
Country	India
Abstract	The criminal procedure has been transformed by replacing the Code of Criminal Procedure (hereinafter “CrPC”), 1973, from the Bharatiya Nagrik Suraksha Sanhita (hereinafter “BNSS”), 2023. The major amendment that has been introduced under BNSS is the enhanced role of the victim in criminal proceedings, especially during trial. The term “victim” was introduced in the year 2013 after the Nirbhaya Case. A victim is the prime witness to an offence and requires equal standing during criminal trial, the same as an accused. The author has adopted the doctrinal methodology for this paper and evaluates the legal provisions provided for criminal trial stipulated under BNSS. The author has also explored the legal aspects of international law, as well as the laws of other countries regarding the inclusion of victims in criminal trials. This paper critically examines the role and inclusion of the victim in criminal trials under the BNSS and suggests some solutions for the challenges identified. By exploring the area, the paper offers comparative insights into the trial with the previous system. The paper also procures some suggestions to overcome the challenges.
Keywords	Victim, Criminal justice system, Victim rights, BNSS, Criminal trial, etc.
Published In	Volume 8, Issue 4, July-August 2026
Published On	2026-08-16

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