International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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A Widely Indexed Open Access Peer Reviewed Multidisciplinary Bi-monthly Scholarly International Journal

Call for Paper Volume 8, Issue 5 (September-October 2026) Submit your research before last 3 days of October to publish your research paper in the issue of September-October.

Engineering the Nanoscale for a Greener Environment: Nanoparticle Innovations in Environmental Biotechnology

Author(s) Dr. Suseela Lanka, Ms. Anitha Katta, Ms. Mounika Kovvali
Country India
Abstract Nanotechnology has revolutionized environmental biotechnology by introducing engineered and biogenic nanoparticles with distinct physicochemical properties. High surface area-to-volume ratios, tunable reactivity, localized surface plasmon resonance, and catalytic efficiency make nanomaterials key drivers for environmental monitoring, pollution remediation, and sustainable ecosystem management. Metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, carbon-based nanomaterials, biopolymeric platforms, and quantum dots have proven effective across wastewater purification, soil/groundwater bioremediation, nanobiosensing, and sustainable agriculture. Biological and "green" synthesis approaches utilizing plant extracts, fungi, bacteria, and algae have emerged as sustainable alternatives to traditional physical and chemical fabrication routes, bypassing toxic solvents and reducing production costs. These green platforms demonstrate high pollutant removal capabilities, effective heavy metal adsorption, dye photo-degradation, microbial pathogen inactivation, and real-time detection of trace contaminants. However, full-scale translation requires addressing systemic issues such as ecotoxicity, environmental bioaccumulation, lifecycle persistence, and regulatory deficits. Integrating green chemistry, high-throughput nanoinformatics, and advanced analytical characterization tools will be necessary to ensure safe, scalable, and sustainable applications. This review comprehensively outlines the state-of-the-art classifications, synthesis mechanisms, functional applications, toxicological risks, and future paradigms of nanotechnology in environmental biotechnology.
Keywords Nanoparticles, Environmental Biotechnology, Green Synthesis, Wastewater Treatment, Bioremediation, Biosensing, Sustainable Agriculture, Nanotoxicity, Carbon Nanomaterials, Zero-Valent Iron (nZVI), Metal Oxide Nanoparticles, Nanoinformatics.
Published In Volume 8, Issue 4, July-August 2026
Published On 2026-08-28
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i04.86712

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