International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Volume 8 Issue 5
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Condition of Women in Midnapore District during the Bengal Famine of 1943: A local History Based on Nihar

Author(s) Ms. Mousumi Khatun
Country India
Abstract The Bengal Famine of 1943 was not simply a crisis of food availability; it was a profound social disaster in which war-time policies, market disruption, natural calamities, disease, displacement and unequal access to relief combined to produce mass deprivation. The coastal subdivisions of Contai and Tamluk in the then undivided Midnapore district were among the areas most severely affected. This article examines the condition of women in Midnapore during the famine through the contemporary Bengali weekly Nihar, published from Contai. The evidence in Nihar shows that women's suffering was inseparable from the destruction of household economies after the cyclone of 16 October 1942, the disruption of riverine transport and fishing under the Boat Denial Policy, the loss of crops and livestock, the scarcity and rising price of rice, disease, homelessness and the inadequacy of relief. Women appear in the newspaper not merely as passive victims but also as workers, caregivers, petitioners, recipients and organisers of relief. References to women facing hunger with children, women found in extremely debilitated conditions, the distribution of saris, the establishment of orphanages, and women's participation in spinning and weaving reveal both the depth of gendered vulnerability and the limited spaces available for female agency. Nihar therefore provides an important local archive for reconstructing the social history of famine from below.
Keywords Bengal Famine of 1943, Midnapore, Contai, Tamluk, Nihar, Women, Cyclone, Boat Denial Policy.
Field Arts
Published In Volume 8, Issue 5, September-October 2026
Published On 2026-09-03
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i05.86981
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