International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

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Volume 8 Issue 5
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A Distinct Serum Metabolic Profile Characterizes Osteosarcopenia: Identifying Potential Metabolic Biomarkers

Author(s) Ms. Nandini Tiwari, Ms. Garima Singh, Mr. Javed Siddiqui, Ms. Rajni Yadav, Ms. Sakshi Kumari
Country India
Abstract Background: Osteosarcopenia, the concurrent presence of osteoporosis and sarcopenia, is associated with elevated fracture risk, frailty, and mortality. Early molecular characterization may enable timely intervention. This study aimed to define a distinct serum metabolic signature of osteosarcopenia and identify candidate biomarkers.
Methods: A cross-sectional study enrolled 340 community-dwelling adults aged ≥60 years, classified into four groups: robust (n=120), osteoporosis alone (n=85), sarcopenia alone (n=72), and osteosarcopenia (n=63). Untargeted and targeted serum metabolomics (LC-MS/MS) quantified amino acids, lipids, acylcarnitines, and related metabolites. Clinical assessments included dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), handgrip strength, gait speed, and skeletal muscle index (SMI). Multivariate analyses and ROC curves evaluated discriminatory performance.
Results: Osteosarcopenia exhibited a unique metabolic profile characterized by reduced branched-chain amino acids (leucine ↓32%, isoleucine ↓29%, valine ↓26%), lower creatinine, elevated citrulline, and altered phospholipid species (notably elevated PI 32:1 and reduced PC species). Pathway enrichment highlighted BCAA metabolism, lipid remodeling, and steroid biosynthesis. Key individual biomarkers showed AUCs of 0.71–0.82; a combined five-metabolite panel achieved AUC 0.91 (95% CI 0.86–0.95) for distinguishing osteosarcopenia from robust controls. Metabolite levels correlated significantly with SMI and bone mineral density.
Conclusion: Osteosarcopenia is characterized by a distinct serum metabolic fingerprint involving amino acid catabolism, lipid dysregulation, and inflammatory shifts. Creatinine, leucine, PI 32:1, and a multi-metabolite panel emerge as promising biomarkers for early detection and phenotyping of this high-risk geriatric syndrome.
Keywords Osteosarcopenia; Metabolomics; Biomarkers; Branched-chain amino acids; Phospholipids; Sarcopenia; Osteoporosis; Aging
Field Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 8, Issue 5, September-October 2026
Published On 2026-09-04
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i05.87051
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