International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

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Volume 8 Issue 5
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Ecology and Diplomacy in Medieval Assam: The Environmental Foundations of Interstate Relations in the Brahmaputra Valley.

Author(s) Mr. Akash Kalita
Country India
Abstract Environmental history developed from growing recognition that forests, rivers, animals, climate, land, and other natural resources are central to human survival and historical change. In this perspective, nature is not merely a background to political events; environmental conditions can shape movement, settlement, administration, warfare, and political relationships. This paper examines the Brahmaputra Valley and argues that its ecological and geographical features played an active role in the political and diplomatic history of medieval Assam. Rivers structured communication, administration, military movement, and territorial boundaries. Forests, hills, marshes, heavy rainfall, and difficult terrain created barriers that restricted invading forces while giving local forces strategic advantages. Natural resources such as bamboo, timber, gold, agar wood, and elephants strengthened the economic and military position of the Ahom state and influenced relations with neighbouring powers. The paper also examines forest clearance and settlement expansion as part of frontier security, the role of ecological knowledge in guerrilla warfare, and the importance of elephants in administration, warfare, and political relations. The central argument is that diplomacy in medieval Assam cannot be understood separately from the environment in which it operated. Ecological conditions created both opportunities and constraints, shaping communication, alliances, military practices, territorial ideas, and the bargaining position of the Ahom kingdom.
Keywords Environmental History; Brahmaputra Valley, Medieval Assam; Ahom Kingdom; Ecology and Diplomacy, Military Strategy, Natural Resources,Inter-state Relations.
Published In Volume 8, Issue 5, September-October 2026
Published On 2026-09-04
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i05.87062
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CrossRef DOI prefix of IJFMR is 10.36948/ijfmr

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