International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

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Volume 8 Issue 5
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Effecctiveness of Otago Exercise Program vs Modifies Otago Exercise Program on Balance and Fall Efficacy in Parkinson's disease patients: A comparative study

Author(s) Dr. Parthivi Kishor Deshmukh, Dr. Sonal Patole
Country India
Abstract Background and Purpose: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with postural instability, impaired balance and an increased risk of falls. The Otago Exercise Program (OEP) is a structured strengthening and balance program used for fall prevention, while a Modified Otago Exercise Program (MOEP) may incorporate walking to increase functional challenge. This study compared the effects of OEP and MOEP on balance and fall efficacy in individuals with PD.
Methods: A comparative study was conducted among 72 individuals with Parkinson’s disease with balance impairment. Participants were allocated into an OEP group and an MOEP group (36 participants per group) and received their respective programs for four weeks. Balance and fall efficacy were assessed before and after intervention using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Falls Efficacy Scale (FES). Within-group changes were analyzed using paired t-tests, and post-intervention group differences were compared. Data were analyzed using GraphPad InStat 3.05.
Results: Both groups demonstrated statistically significant improvement in BBS and FES scores after four weeks (p < 0.0001). In the OEP group, BBS improved from 37.78 ± 6.94 to 44.44 ± 7.02, while FES decreased from 57.42 ± 6.95 to 41.08 ± 9.41. In
the MOEP group, BBS improved from 39.25 ± 5.62 to 46.00 ± 5.96, while FES decreased from 59.33 ± 4.05 to 41.08 ± 8.22. Post-intervention comparison showed no statistically significant difference between groups for BBS (p = 0.1688) or FES (p > 0.9999).
Conclusion: Both OEP and MOEP were effective in improving balance and fall efficacy over four weeks in individuals with Parkinson’s disease. MOEP produced a slightly higher post-intervention BBS mean, but the difference was not statistically significant. Both programs may therefore be considered practical exercise-based approaches for neurorehabilitation and fall-risk management in PD.
Keywords Parkinson’s disease; Otago Exercise Program; Modified Otago Exercise Program; balance; falls efficacy; neurorehabilitation.
Field Physical Science
Published In Volume 8, Issue 5, September-October 2026
Published On 2026-09-11
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E-ISSN 2582-2160
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CrossRef DOI prefix of IJFMR is 10.36948/ijfmr

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