International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

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Agricultural Transformation in Tamil Nadu: Trends, Challenges and Future Prospects

Author(s) Dr. Sweta
Country India
Abstract Agriculture in Tamil Nadu occupies a central role in sustaining rural livelihoods and ensuring food security, despite significant resource constraints and climatic challenges. The state depends heavily on monsoon rainfall, with per capita water availability of only 900 cubic meters compared to the national average of 2,200 cubic meters. Yet, through extensive irrigation infrastructure covering nearly 60% of its 47.6 lakh hectares of net sown area, Tamil Nadu has consistently achieved high productivity levels. In 2023–24, agriculture contributed approximately ₹1.5 lakh crore to the state’s GSVA, while employing 41.1% of the rural workforce, the majority being small and marginal farmers. Productivity achievements are notable, with the state ranking first in oilseeds, groundnut, and sugarcane, second in maize, and third in paddy. Diversification into horticulture (16.3 lakh hectares producing 235.22 lakh MT) and organic farming (34,000 hectares with 11,820 registered farmers) reflects evolving practices that enhance resilience. Policy support ranging from ₹15,542.84 crore cooperative crop loans, ₹3.58 lakh crore institutional credit, and mechanization subsidies to free power worth ₹7,216 crore has underpinned this progress. The findings illustrate how Tamil Nadu's agriculture, through innovation, expanded credit access, and sustainability-oriented measures, has managed to balance persistent challenges with emerging opportunities for inclusive growth.
Keywords Tamil Nadu agriculture, crop productivity, credit support, organic farming, horticulture
Published In Volume 8, Issue 5, September-October 2026
Published On 2026-09-09
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i05.87451
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