International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Effect of Photopolymerization Modes and Delayed Light Curing on the Microhardness of Dual-Cure Luting Cement for Indirect Ceramic Restorations: An In-Vitro Study

Author(s) Dr. Satvik Saluja, Dr. Rajesh Kumar, Dr. Sunil Kumar M.V., Dr. Gaurav Mathur
Country India
Abstract This in-vitro study evaluated the effects of photopolymerization mode and light-activation timing on the Vickers microhardness of a self-adhesive dual-cure resin cement beneath 2.0-mm lithium disilicate ceramic. Forty-eight specimens were assigned to four groups according to curing mode (constant or soft-start) and activation timing (immediate or 2-minute delayed). Microhardness was measured after 24 hours and analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD test. Significant effects were observed for photopolymerization mode, activation timing, and their interaction (p<0.05). Soft-start curing with 2-minute delayed activation showed the highest microhardness (79.26±6.14 VHN), while constant curing with delayed activation showed the lowest (66.04±6.85 VHN). The findings indicate that soft-start curing may help maintain polymerization quality when photoactivation is delayed beneath lithium disilicate restorations.
Keywords Dual-cure resin cement, Self-adhesive resin cement, RelyX U200, Lithium disilicate, IPS e.max CAD, Dental ceramics, Indirect ceramic restorations, Resin luting cement, Vickers microhardness, Microhardness, Photopolymerization, Light curing, Soft-start curing, Delayed light curing, Immediate light curing, Polymerization, Degree of conversion, Cross-linking, Light attenuation, Ceramic thickness, Resin cement polymerization, Luting cement, Adhesive cementation, Fixed prosthodontics
Field Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 8, Issue 5, September-October 2026
Published On 2026-09-16
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i05.87704
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CrossRef DOI prefix of IJFMR is 10.36948/ijfmr

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