Ontology Engineering and Formalization: Interoperability Applied to the Biodiversity of the Kisantu Botanical Garden

Author(s)	Dr. Mpemba Ngoma Luz, Prof. Dr. Mbikayi Mpanya Jean Marcel, Prof. Dr. Ikolongo Befembo Jean-Pierre, Prof. Dr. Mudibu Wa Kabangu Justin
Country	Congo (Democratic)
Abstract	Biodiversity conservation and management in Central Africa require the formal, rigorous, and interoperable structuring of botanical knowledge. This article presents the design, mathematical formalization, and implementation of the MKBio ontology, developed for the Kisantu Botanical Garden using the METHONTOLOGY methodology [2]. Drawing on First-Order Predicate Logic , the Skolemization mechanism, and Description Logic under the language [1,7], we formalize taxonomic, morphological, and ecosystem entities as a semantic knowledge graph. Aligned with the international Darwin Core standard [6], this model provides a deterministic symbolic foundation that serves as a safeguard against hallucinations in Neuro-Symbolic Artificial Intelligence architectures [4,5].
Keywords	Ontology Engineering, Semantic Web, Modeling, Kisantu Botanical Garden, Description Logic, Skolemization, Darwin Core, Neuro-Symbolic AI, Graph-RAG.
Field	Computer > Artificial Intelligence / Simulation / Virtual Reality
Published In	Volume 8, Issue 5, September-October 2026
Published On	2026-09-26
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i05.88066

About IJFMR Fees & Payment Current Issue Publication Archive	Submit Research Paper Track Submission Status Publication Guidelines Publication Ethics Peer Review & Plagiarism	Join as a Reviewer Editors & Reviewers Reviewer Referral Program Get Reviewer Membership Certi.	Website/Journal Policies Usage Policy Content Policies Privacy Policy

Contact Us		+91-9687-828-838	editor@ijfmr.com

International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research