International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

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Application of CROPWAT 8.0 in Irrigation Water Management: A Comprehensive Review

Author(s) Girishkumar D. Jagad, Bhagyesh C. Contractor, Vipul D. Patel, Chiragkumar S. Modhiya, Neha B. Kagra
Country India
Abstract Efficient irrigation management has become increasingly important because of growing water scarcity, climate variability, and increasing pressure on agricultural water resources. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) developed CROPWAT 8.0 as a decision-support software package for estimating crop water requirements and developing irrigation schedules. The model uses climatic, soil, and crop information to estimate reference evapotranspiration, crop evapotranspiration, effective rainfall, and irrigation requirements. This review examines the major principles, methods, and applications of CROPWAT 8.0, with particular attention to irrigation scheduling and water-use efficiency.
The review discusses the use of the FAO Penman–Monteith method for estimating reference evapotranspiration, crop coefficients for determining crop water requirements, soil-water balance approaches, and fixed-interval irrigation scheduling. Applications of CROPWAT in India and other water-scarce regions demonstrate its usefulness for improving irrigation planning and reducing unnecessary water application. Particular attention is given to Gujarat, where agriculture is affected by irregular rainfall, groundwater dependence, and water scarcity. The review also considers the potential integration of CROPWAT with drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, GIS, and remote sensing. Despite its usefulness, the performance of CROPWAT depends strongly on the quality of climatic, soil, and crop data used as model inputs. Local calibration and field validation are therefore important. Overall, CROPWAT 8.0 provides a practical and relatively accessible approach for improving irrigation scheduling and supporting sustainable agricultural water management.
Keywords CROPWAT 8.0, irrigation scheduling, crop water requirement, evapotranspiration, water-use efficiency, Gujarat, soil-water balance, sustainable irrigation
Field Engineering
Published In Volume 4, Issue 1, January-February 2022
Published On 2022-02-03
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E-ISSN 2582-2160
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CrossRef DOI prefix of IJFMR is 10.36948/ijfmr

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