International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Volume 8 Issue 5
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Injection Parameter Optimisation in Biodiesel-Fuelled Variable Compression Ratio Engines: Interactions Governing Combustion, Performance and Emissions

Author(s) Mr. Ramavath Dakya Naik, Dr. A. Raji Reddy
Country India
Abstract Biodiesel is an accepted renewable replacement fuel for conventional petroleum diesel‚ but its higher viscosity and lower volatility and heating value make biodiesel blends impractical in a single compression ratio engine․ Variable compression ratio removes that constraint by allowing the compression ratio to be used as an experimental variable‚ and adding a variable to injection pressure and injection timing․ This review concerns thirty-four experimental and theoretical research frameworks published between 2008 and 2025 using biodiesel and biodiesel-oxygenate blends in variable compression ratio and parameter-controlled compression ignition engines‚ including diethyl ether‚ dimethyl carbonate‚ higher alcohols including n-butanol and n-pentanol‚ other oxygenated ethers and cetane improvers in addition to the biodiesel blend․ Each study is characterized by the fuel scheme‚ the engine configuration‚ the controlled and response variables․ Quantitative data is reported only for those studies whose results were verifiable in the original publication․ In both of the studies‚ there was a correlation between increased compression ratio and reducing carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions‚ and increasing NOx emissions․ Increased compression ratio and injection pressure improved brake thermal efficiency and reduced specific fuel consumption․ As a general trend‚ moderate quantities of diethyl ether decreased NOx and CO emissions while increasing total HC emissions․ A mixture of dimethyl carbonate and EGR always decreased NOx and smoke emissions while increasing CO and HC emissions․ Taguchi designs‚ response surface methodology‚ grey relational analysis‚ artificial neural networks and computational fluid dynamics are compared in how they deal with these factors‚ but different baselines‚ undisclosed additive units‚ and the omission of non-confirmed levels prevent quantitative comparisons of the methods from the literature․ These issues are discussed along with suggested common reporting sets․
Keywords Variable compression ratio engine; Biodiesel; Diethyl ether; Dimethyl carbonate; Injection pressure; Response surface methodology
Field Engineering
Published In Volume 8, Issue 5, September-October 2026
Published On 2026-09-27
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i05.88251
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CrossRef DOI prefix of IJFMR is 10.36948/ijfmr

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