International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

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Volume 8 Issue 5
September-October 2026

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An Overview of Various Properties and Medicinal Uses of Acorus Calamus L

Author(s) Dr. Deepak Devilal Pardhe
Country India
Abstract Acorus calamus L. is an aromatic perennial rhizomatous plant that has occupied an important place in traditional medicine for centuries. The species, commonly called sweet flag or Vacha, is especially valued for its underground rhizome, from which volatile oil and several classes of secondary metabolites can be obtained. This review presents an independently written synthesis of the available literature on the plant, with emphasis on its botanical identity, traditional applications, chemical composition, experimentally reported pharmacological properties, medicinal significance, and safety limitations. Acorus calamus L. preparations with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antispasmodic, anticonvulsant, neuroprotective, antidepressant-like, cardiovascular, metabolic, immune-modulatory and cytotoxic activities. The evidence, however, is predominantly preclinical and varies according to plant material, extraction method, geographic origin, chemotype, and experimental model. Asarone compounds, particularly α-asarone and β-asarone, are prominent constituents and have been investigated for both pharmacological effects and toxicological properties. The toxicological profile is a critical consideration. Experimental evidence has raised concerns regarding hepatotoxicity, genotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, mutagenicity, and carcinogenicity associated with propenylic asarone isomers. Consequently, traditional use should not be equated with demonstrated clinical safety, and concentrated essential oils or extracts should not be regarded as automatically safe. Future development of Acorus calamus L. as a medicinal resource should prioritize authenticated plant material, chemical standardization, exposure assessment, pharmacokinetic studies, rigorous toxicity testing, and controlled clinical research.
Keywords Keywords: Acorus calamus L., Rhizome, Essential oil, Asarone, Phytochemistry etc.
Field Biology > Agriculture / Botany
Published In Volume 8, Issue 5, September-October 2026
Published On 2026-09-29
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E-ISSN 2582-2160
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CrossRef DOI prefix of IJFMR is 10.36948/ijfmr

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