“Comparison of Hand Arm Bimanual Intensive Therapy and Action Observation Therapy on Upper Extremity Functions in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy – an Experimental Study.”

Helly Prakashbhai Patel; Khyati Shah

doi:10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i05.88639

“Comparison of Hand Arm Bimanual Intensive Therapy and Action Observation Therapy on Upper Extremity Functions in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy – an Experimental Study.”

Author(s)	Dr. Helly Prakashbhai Patel, Dr. Khyati Shah
Country	India
Abstract	BACKGROUND: Cerebral palsy ( CP) is a non progressive disorder which occur due to insult to the developing brain. The resulting impairments to upper extremities may demonstrate abnormal muscle tone with posturing into wrist flexion , ulnar deviation , elbow flexion and shoulder internal or external rotation in addition to reduced strength , as well as tactile and proprioceptive disturbances. Treatments targeting upper extremity function in children with CP aim to improve functional abilities , promote functional independence and/or reduce disabling muscle tone. HABIT ( Hand Arm Bimanual Intensive Therapy ) focuses on functional activities without the use of restraints, along with concurrent encouragement of bimanual hand use through positive feedback and knowledge of performance. Action Observation Therapy (AOT), in which the patient is asked to carefully observe actions presented through a video-clip or performed by an operator, in order to try and imitate them after the observation. NEED AND AIM OF THE STUDY: Children with cerebral palsy display deficit in motor planning and execution that impact the timing and co-ordination of joint movements in upper extremity. Therefore, this study aims to address this research gap by comparing the HABIT and AOT interventions to provide evidence based guidance for improving upper extremity function in spastic cerebral palsy children. METHODOLOGY: Total of 30 spastic cerebral palsy children with age 4 to 8 years and both male and female with the criteria of 1 and 1+ grade of spasticity on MAS, able to follow command as well those able to perform minimal or initiation of the hand movements are included in the study. The Quality of Upper Extremity Skill Test (QUEST) and Melbourne Assessment-2 was taken to measure the Upper extremity function. RESULT: The findings of this study demonstrated significant improvements in both groups across all domains of QUEST and MA2 within the group level. However, no statistically significant differences were found between the groups in post-intervention comparison, indicating that both interventions were equally beneficial in improving upper limb functional abilities except in the grasp domain of the QUEST in the HABIT group. CONCLUSION: Both intervention groups showed significant improvement in upper limb function on QUEST and MA-2, indicating that both treatment are effective. KEY WORDS: HABIT, AOT, Upper extremity function, spastic cp
Keywords	HABIT, AOT, Upper extremity function, spastic cp
Field	Medical / Pharmacy
Published In	Volume 8, Issue 5, September-October 2026
Published On	2026-09-30
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i05.88639

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“Comparison of Hand Arm Bimanual Intensive Therapy and Action Observation Therapy on Upper Extremity Functions in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy – an Experimental Study.”

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