International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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The Language of Emotion in Bengali Literature

Author(s) Dr. Dipak Paramanik
Country India
Abstract Literature is, at its core, the linguistic embodiment of emotion. Indian poetics possesses a rich tradition of thinking about emotion, extending from Bharata's rasa-sūtra to Abhinavagupta's theory of sādhāraṇīkaraṇa (generalisation). Since the late twentieth century, Cognitive Poetics, Psycholinguistics and Affective Science have sought to understand emotion as an integrated process of language, metaphor, body and brain. This article places these two knowledge traditions side by side to analyse how six emotions (love, grief, fear, anger, empathy and protest) are constructed in Bengali literature. The material analysed includes medieval Vaishnava padāvalī (Chandidas, Vidyapati); Rabindranath Tagore's poems, songs, Shesher Kobita and 'Kshudhita Pashan'; Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay's Pather Panchali; Kazi Nazrul Islam's 'Bidrohi'; Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay's 'Mahesh'; and Mahasweta Devi's 'Draupadi'. The article shows that emotion in Bengali literature is expressed not only through lexical meaning but also through embodied metaphor, syntax, sound-repetition, irony and silence. It further argues that modern emotions such as empathy and protest call for a theoretical expansion of the classical rasa framework, and that such an expansion is a natural continuation of the Indian rhetorical (alaṃkāra) tradition itself.
Keywords rasa theory, sthāyibhāva, dhvani, emotion, Cognitive Poetics, Psycholinguistics, conceptual metaphor, narrative empathy, abhimān, Bengali literature
Published In Volume 2, Issue 4, July-August 2020
Published On 2020-07-10

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