International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

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Volume 8 Issue 5
September-October 2026

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Gender-Wise Comparison of Dynamic Balance and Its Correlation with BMI in Adolescents with Flat Feet

Author(s) Ms. Avantika Sanas, Prof. Dr. Apoorva Dighe (PT), Prof. Dr. Pranjal Grover (PT)
Country India
Abstract Flat foot may alter lower-limb alignment and functional balance, while increased Body Mass Index (BMI) may increase mechanical loading on the foot. Evidence regarding gender-specific relationships between BMI and dynamic balance in adolescents with flat feet is limited. Objective: To compare dynamic balance between male and female adolescents with flexible flat feet and to examine the gender-wise relationship between BMI and dynamic balance. Methods: A cross-sectional correlational study was conducted in 40 adolescents with flexible flat feet (20 females and 20 males). Flexible flat foot was identified using the Sit-to-Stand Navicular Drop Test with navicular drop greater than 10 mm. BMI was calculated from measured height and weight, and dynamic balance was assessed using the Y-Balance Test Composite Score (YBTCS). Normality was assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Independent t-test or Mann-Whitney U test were used for gender comparisons as appropriate, Spearman correlation was used for correlational analysis, and regression was used to assess the BMI-by-gender interaction. Results: Mean YBTCS was 75.93 ± 3.78 in females and 76.46 ± 3.71 in males. There was no significant gender difference in YBTCS (U = 222.00, p = 0.565). BMI and YBTCS were strongly and negatively correlated in females (ρ = -0.765, p < 0.001), whereas the association in males was weak and non-significant (ρ = 0.123, p = 0.604). The BMI × gender interaction was significant (B = -1.354, p < 0.001), and the regression model explained 37.7% of the variation in YBT scores. Conclusion: Dynamic balance scores did not differ significantly between genders; however, the relationship between BMI and dynamic balance differed by gender, with a strong inverse association observed among females.
Keywords Gender Wise Comparison, Adolescents, Body Mass Index, Dynamic Balance, Flat Foot, Y-Balance Test
Field Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 8, Issue 5, September-October 2026
Published On 2026-10-04
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E-ISSN 2582-2160
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CrossRef DOI prefix of IJFMR is 10.36948/ijfmr

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