Unveiling the Challenges and Solutions in Achieving Goals of the Education and Training Sector Strategic Plan in Botswana

Mbiganyi Moremi; Som Pal Baliyan

doi:10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i05.89013

Unveiling the Challenges and Solutions in Achieving Goals of the Education and Training Sector Strategic Plan in Botswana

Author(s)	Dr. Mbiganyi Moremi, Prof. Som Pal Baliyan
Country	Botswana
Abstract	The study investigated the challenges and the solutions in the implementation of the Education and Training Sector Strategic Plan (ETSSP) in the Colleges of Education in Botswana. The study adopted a mixed method approach and a convergent parallel research design. Semi-structured interview and survey were used to collect qualitative and quantitative data, respectively. A total of twenty-two (n=22) members of the Senior Management Teams (SMTs) were purposively sampled for qualitative data collection and seventy-two (72) members for quantitative data collection. Lack of autonomy of colleges and knowledge about the ETSSP implementation frameworks and limited financial resources were some of the challenges SMTs felt hampered them from implementing the ETSSP in their institutions. Quantitative data was analysed using SPSS version 29 and one sample t-test revealed that SMTs faced several challenges in the implementation of the ETSSP and there were solutions to those challenges. The independent t-test showed no significant differences in the challenges SMTs faced in the implementation of the ETSSP. A one-way ANOVA test was employed to determine the challenges as predictors of the solutions in the implementation of the ETSSP by SMTs. The findings revealed that the challenges SMTs face in the ETSSP implementation do not predict the solutions they adopt to address these challenges. Multiple regression analysis revealed overall the challenges as predictors of the solutions in the implementation of the ETSSP. The study recommends the development of an operational framework to guide the ETSSP implementation, such as the 7-C protocol of policy implementation. Furthermore, a comparative study to be carried out on the challenges as predictors of the solutions considering the SMTs as policy implementers and MoESD officials as policy makers.
Keywords	challenges, solutions, themes, implementation, strategy, policy, framework
Field	Arts
Published In	Volume 8, Issue 5, September-October 2026
Published On	2026-10-05
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i05.89013

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Unveiling the Challenges and Solutions in Achieving Goals of the Education and Training Sector Strategic Plan in Botswana

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