A study to assess knowledge and attitude towards management of non-communicable diseases among patients visiting selected urban and rural primary health centers of Bikaner district, with a view to develop self instructional module.

Krishankant Bhardwaj; Ghanshyam Jangir; Amitabh Tanwar

A study to assess knowledge and attitude towards management of non-communicable diseases among patients visiting selected urban and rural primary health centers of Bikaner district, with a view to develop self instructional module.

Author(s)	Krishankant Bhardwaj, Ghanshyam Jangir, Amitabh Tanwar
Country	India
Abstract	INTRODUCTION: Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) such as diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases, and cancer are among the leading causes of death worldwide. These diseases are not caused by infectious agents and typically progress slowly over time. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), NCDs account for over 74% of global deaths, with a significant number of these occurring in low- and middle-income countries, including India. In India, the burden of NCDs has grown rapidly due to urbanization, sedentary lifestyles, poor dietary habits, tobacco use, and alcohol consumption. The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) reports that NCDs contribute to more than 60% of the total deaths in the country, with the highest impact observed in adults aged 30–70 years . Despite the existence of government programs such as the National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases, and Stroke (NPCDCS), many patients—especially in rural and underserved urban areas—have limited knowledge about the prevention and control of these diseases. Patients' attitude towards lifestyle modifications, medication adherence, and disease monitoring plays a critical role in the effective management of NCDs Objectives: 1. To assess the knowledge and attitude of patients regarding management of NCDs at selected urban and rural PHCs. 2.To compare knowledge and attitude of patients regarding management of NCDs between urban and rural PHC. 3.To find association between knowledge and attitude of patients regarding management of NCDs with selected demographic variables. 4.To develop a Self-Instructional Module based on the study findings to enhance patient understanding and self-management regarding NCD. Hypothesis: H1-There will be a significant association between knowledge regarding management of NCDs and selected demographic variables of patients visiting urban and rural primary Health Centers of Bikaner. H2- There will be a significant association between attitude regarding management of NCDs and selected demographic variables of patients visiting urban and rural primary Health Centers of Bikaner. Methodology: A Quantitative research approach was considered appropriate for the present study. A descriptive, comparative study design will be adopted to assess and compare the knowledge and attitude of patients attending selected urban and rural Primary Health Centers (PHCs) in Bikaner district. In the present study, sample consists of 100 patients from urban PHCs and 100 patient from Rural PHCs of Bikaner (Raj). A stratified purposive sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Results: The study revealed difference in the knowledge and attitude of patients regarding the management of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) between urban and rural Primary Health Centers (PHCs) of Bikaner district. Urban patients demonstrated higher mean knowledge scores (17.71 ± 4.58) compared to rural patients (12.98 ± 5.40). Similarly, the mean attitude score was higher among urban patients (39.13 ± 7.34) than rural patients (36.34 ± 10.23). A majority of rural participants (80%) had poor to average knowledge, whereas more than half of urban participants (55%) had good to excellent knowledge levels. Favorable attitude towards NCD management was observed in 78% of urban patients and 52% of rural patients. Conclusion: The present study concludes that patients visiting selected urban and rural Primary Health Centers (PHCs) of Bikaner district exhibit considerable variation in their knowledge and attitude toward the management of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Urban patients consistently demonstrated significantly higher levels of knowledge and more favorable attitudes compared to rural patients. This disparity reflects differences in educational status, socioeconomic conditions, access to health information, and exposure to healthcare services.
Keywords	Non Communicable disease, PHCs, Attitude,
Field	Medical / Pharmacy
Published In	Volume 8, Issue 5, September-October 2026
Published On	2026-10-06

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A study to assess knowledge and attitude towards management of non-communicable diseases among patients visiting selected urban and rural primary health centers of Bikaner district, with a view to develop self instructional module.

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