International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

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Volume 8 Issue 5
September-October 2026

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Integrating Behavioural Activation and Cognitive Restructuring in the Treatment of Adolescent Depression and School Refusal: A Case Report

Author(s) Mr. Shal Soman, Dr. Madhulata Yadav
Country India
Abstract Background: Adolescent depression can present through interacting affective, cognitive, behavioural, interpersonal, and somatic difficulties. When accompanied by school refusal, the resulting impairment may extend beyond academic participation to peer relationships, family functioning, and developmental adjustment.
Case/Clinical Context: Client A, an 11th-standard student, presented with persistent low mood, school refusal, reduced motivation, emotional dysregulation, anxiety, irritability, and concentration difficulties.
Intervention: Treatment integrated Behavioural Activation (functional analysis, self-monitoring, activity scheduling, and a graded return-to-school protocol) with cognitive restructuring of automatic thoughts and cognitive distortions concerning school attendance and perceived coping capacity.
Outcome: Progress was tracked through behavioural and functional indicators (school attendance, morning routine, activity engagement) alongside self-reported mood and coping. The Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) was administered at Session 1 (score = 24, moderate depression) and at Session 7 (score = 14, mild depression), indicating a 10-point reduction and a shift from the moderate to the mild depression range.
Clinical Significance: The case illustrates a functional-analytic conceptualization of school refusal as a negatively reinforced avoidance behaviour and demonstrates the combined application of Behavioural Activation and cognitive therapy within a developmentally adapted framework for an adolescent client.
Keywords adolescent depression; school refusal; behavioural activation; cognitive behavioural therapy; cognitive distortions; behavioural avoidance; case report
Field Sociology > Philosophy / Psychology / Religion
Published In Volume 8, Issue 5, September-October 2026
Published On 2026-10-07
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E-ISSN 2582-2160
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CrossRef DOI prefix of IJFMR is 10.36948/ijfmr

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