International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

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Volume 8 Issue 5
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Efficiency of Different Water Treatment Technologies in Reducing Physicochemical Contaminants: A Case Study of Raipur Division, Chhattisgarh

Author(s) Payal Sourabh Samadar, Dr. Anita Kabi
Country India
Abstract Water treatment technologies differ substantially in their ability to remove suspended, dissolved and organic contaminants. This study comparatively evaluates five treatment approaches—conventional treatment (M1), activated carbon (M2), reverse osmosis (M3), ultraviolet treatment (M4) and biosand filtration (M5)—using twelve physicochemical water-quality parameters. The supplied treatment dataset reports mean post-treatment concentrations and percentage removal for turbidity, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total hardness, alkalinity, chloride, sulphate, nitrate, fluoride and iron. Reverse osmosis produced the highest overall mean removal efficiency (87.89%), followed by conventional treatment (33.71%), activated carbon (33.55%), biosand (29.86%) and UV (12.46%). RO achieved 80% or greater removal for turbidity, EC, TDS, BOD, total hardness, alkalinity, chloride, sulphate, nitrate, fluoride and iron, while COD removal was 77.99%. Conventional treatment showed strong removal of turbidity and iron; activated carbon performed particularly well for BOD, COD and iron; and biosand filtration showed strong turbidity and iron removal. UV produced limited changes in physicochemical parameters, consistent with its primary role as a disinfection process rather than a dissolved-solute removal process. The study demonstrates that treatment selection should be based on the contaminant profile and treatment objective, and that combined treatment trains may be preferable when both physicochemical and microbiological risks must be controlled.
Keywords Water treatment; Raipur Division; reverse osmosis; activated carbon; biosand filtration; ultraviolet; physicochemical parameters; contaminant removal.
Published In Volume 8, Issue 5, September-October 2026
Published On 2026-10-06
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E-ISSN 2582-2160
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CrossRef DOI prefix of IJFMR is 10.36948/ijfmr

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