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The Manipuri Vowels

Author(s) Dr. R.K. Tampha sana
Country India
Abstract Introduction:
Vowels: A voiced segment characterized by generalized friction of the air passing in a continuous stream through the pharynx and opened mouth, with relatively no narrowing or other obstruction of the speech organs. There are 6 vowels in Manipuri language. They are: i, e, ә, a, u, o
Manipuri vowels are classified as (i) High, mid, low or close, half-close, half-open and open according to tongue-height (ii) Front, central and back according to tongue advancement and (iii) rounded and unrounded according to lip spreading.
Example of Manipuri vowel /i/:
During the articulation of the Manipuri vowel /i/, the front of the tongue is raised as high as possible, without touching the hard palate. The lips are spread and the opening between the jaws is narrow. It is a high, front, unrounded vowel. It occurs in all positions: initially, medially and finally.
ice - sister
kibә - to fear
pi - tear
Besides these vowels the Manipuri language have their respective vowel glides, otherwise known as Dipthongs. They are: /әy/, /әw/, /ay/, /aw/, /oy/, /uy/.
Example of Manipuri dipthong /әy/:
The Manipuri dipthong /әy/ is articulated by starting the glide from the position of the vowel /ә/ which is a central unrounded vowel between half-close and half-opened towards the position of /i/, a high, front, unrounded vowel or towards the semi-vowel /y/. It can occure in all positions.
әy - I
lәybә - to buy
kәy - tiger
Conclusion: The Manipuri vowels and dipthongs can occure in all the positions of the Manipuri language. However the Manipuri Dipthong /ay/ and /aw/ is not found in the initial position of this language.
Keywords Manipuri vowels, dipthong, voice, friction, articulation, glide
Published In Volume 8, Issue 5, September-October 2026
Published On 2026-10-13
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CrossRef DOI prefix of IJFMR is 10.36948/ijfmr

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