International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Volume 8 Issue 5
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Nutritional Composition and Antioxidant Properties of White Pepper (Piper nigrum L.)

Author(s) Ms. Nandini Mishra, Dr. Srishtishree Mani
Country India
Abstract White pepper (Piper nigrum L.) is a widely used culinary spice containing nutritional and phytochemical constituents of potential relevance to food applications. The present laboratory-based study evaluated the proximate composition, selected mineral content, and antioxidant characteristics of white pepper powder. Moisture, ash, crude fibre, fat, protein, and carbohydrate contents were determined using conventional analytical procedures. Calcium and iron were estimated using titrimetric and colorimetric methods, respectively. An aqueous extract was evaluated for antioxidant activity using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging assay, total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content. The reported proximate composition of white pepper powder was 3.0 ± 0.25 g/100 g moisture, 0.4 ± 0.07 g/100 g protein, 6.3 ± 5.12 g/100 g ash, 1.4 ± 0.83 g/100 g fat, 5.6 ± 1.39 g/100 g crude fibre, and 83.8 ± 0.67 g/100 g carbohydrate. Calcium and iron contents were reported as 10.1 ± 0.99 and 25.1 ± 0.05 mg/100 g, respectively. DPPH radical-scavenging activity increased progressively across the reported concentration range, reaching 75.77% at the highest tested concentration. Total phenolic content was reported as 4.6 ± 0.2, although an inconsistency in the unit of expression was identified in the source dataset. Total flavonoid content was reported as 0.1 ± 0.02 mg quercetin equivalents/100 g. The findings indicate that the tested white pepper sample was carbohydrate-rich and exhibited concentration-dependent DPPH radical-scavenging activity. However, inconsistencies in selected analytical units and incomplete methodological documentation limit direct comparison with other studies.
Keywords antioxidant activity; DPPH; mineral composition; nutritional composition; Piper nigrum; white pepper
Field Sociology > Home Science
Published In Volume 8, Issue 5, September-October 2026
Published On 2026-10-11
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CrossRef DOI prefix of IJFMR is 10.36948/ijfmr

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