International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Understanding Garbha Vriddhi Kram (Foetal Development) in Sushruta Samhita: A Textual Review and Interpretation with Modern Embryology

Author(s) Dr. Sangeeta Dev
Country India
Abstract This review explores the Ayurvedic concept of Garbha Vriddhi Kram (fetal development) as presented in the Sushruta Samhita and examines its comparative alignment with modern embryology. Rooted in holistic philosophy, Ayurvedic embryology integrates physical, metaphysical, and elemental principles, notably the union of Shukra (sperm), Artava (ovum), and Atma (consciousness), and the influence of Panchamahabhutas (five elements) in embryogenesis. The review aims to (a) analyze the month-wise fetal development process (Masanumasik Vikas) described in Sharira Sthana, (b) interpret metaphoric stages such as Kalala and Mamsavat in the light of modern biological milestones, and (c) assess clinical and philosophical implications of these descriptions in prenatal care.
A systematic literature review was conducted using PRISMA methodology across databases like PubMed, Google Scholar, AYUSH Portal, and ResearchGate, focusing on sources from 2000 to 2025. From an initial pool of 243 articles, 36 high-relevance papers were selected and critically evaluated using a modified CASP checklist. These included classical commentaries, clinical trials, philosophical essays, and comparative anatomy studies.
The findings reveal a deep parallelism between Ayurvedic embryological metaphors and contemporary stages such as zygote formation, organogenesis, and fetal neurological development. Additionally, Ayurvedic constructs like Garbhini Paricharya (prenatal care regimen), Chetana (consciousness), and maternal influences closely align with emerging understandings in epigenetics and perinatal science. The study also identifies research gaps, including metaphorical ambiguities and limited empirical validation, and calls for interdisciplinary collaborations in integrative embryology.
This review offers a novel synthesis bridging ancient and modern perspectives, underscoring the continued relevance of Ayurvedic wisdom in contemporary prenatal care and biomedical education.
Field Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 7, Issue 3, May-June 2025
Published On 2025-06-15
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i03.48158
Short DOI https://doi.org/g9qqpd
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