International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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A Widely Indexed Open Access Peer Reviewed Multidisciplinary Bi-monthly Scholarly International Journal

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The origin and formation mechanism of the Rajahmundry Trap Basalts of Andhra Pradesh, Concealed in mineralogical and textural characteristics

Author(s) Mr. Ganesh B, Prof. John Paul K, Dr. JayaRaj A. A, Dr. Israel Ch
Country India
Abstract Basalts occurring in both Oceanic and continental environments are by far the largest and extensive igneous formations in the earth’s crust. Rajahmundry Trap Basalts are one among the widely recognized and investigated formations which is lying as boundary (K-T boundary) between the Cretaceous and Tertiary periods. Five prominent outcrops of basalts with well-established and preserved stratigraphy have been identified. Samples were collected from three layers of basalt flows from each location and analyzed mineralogically, geochemically and texturally to arrive at a possible conclusion in regard to their Source of origin and mode of emplacement. Optical, X-ray diffraction and geochemical analyses were carried out for about 30 basalt samples. Olivine is present as phenocrysts of Forsterite and Fayalite, the end-members of the series. The essential minerals identified are olivine, Plagioclase feldspars, pyroxenes and accessory minerals
are Quartz, Apatite, Ilmenite, Magnetite, K-feldspars, Stishovite. Microcrystalline
minerals were identified under microscope, but minerals of cryptocrystalline size were identified by X-ray diffraction method. The mineralogical, chemical, and textural characters suggest the origin of magma for these basalt flows is in deep within the mantle probably the lower and transition zone.
Keywords Mineralogy, Geochemistry, Texture, Mantle, X-ray diffraction, Stratigraphy and Optical.
Published In Volume 7, Issue 6, November-December 2025
Published On 2025-11-19
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i06.60958

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