International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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A Pressure-Based Criterion for the Stability of Self-Gravitating Matter with a Vacuum Tension Interpretation (VTI)

Author(s) Prof. Dr. Vijay T. Ingole, Dr. Anant S. Wadatkar
Country India
Abstract The stability of self-gravitating matter is commonly analyzed using density distributions, equations of state, or geometric trapping conditions derived from general relativity. In this work, we present a pressure-based interpretation of mass stability that applies uniformly across ordinary matter, neutron-dominated equilibrium, and compact trapped configurations. Using standard Newtonian estimates of gravitational self-pressure for ordinary celestial bodies, empirically inferred equilibrium pressure scales for neutron matter, and an effective confinement pressure associated with energy localization at the Schwarzschild radius, we identify a simple and physically transparent stability hierarchy. Ordinary bodies remain stable because their inward gravitational pressure lies many orders of magnitude below the neutron equilibrium pressure scale. Neutron matter is shown to reside near the boundary of pressure-supported equilibrium, representing the highest stable configuration attainable by known forms of matter. For sufficiently compact masses, the confinement pressure required within the trapping region exceeds this equilibrium limit, implying the absence of any pressure-supported static configuration. Within this framework, the Schwarzschild trapping condition admits a direct physical interpretation as the loss of pressure equilibrium, rather than as a divergence of density or force. The analysis provides a unified and physically grounded criterion for mass stability across widely different astrophysical regimes.
Keywords Keywords: gravitational stability; neutron equilibrium pressure interpretation VTI; gravitational confinement pressure; Schwarzschild radius; black-hole formation; pressure-based collapse;
Field Physics > Astronomy
Published In Volume 8, Issue 1, January-February 2026
Published On 2026-01-25
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i01.67091
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