Aircraft Saftey Monitoring System with Multi Band Antennas

PRAVEEN KUMAR P C; Mahesh S; Pravallika K; Akhil Kumar K

doi:10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i03.76085

Aircraft Saftey Monitoring System with Multi Band Antennas

Author(s)	Dr. PRAVEEN KUMAR P C, Mr. Mahesh S, Ms. Pravallika K, Mr. Akhil Kumar K
Country	India
Abstract	This paper describes the development of an integrated aircraft safety monitoring system that combines a multiband antenna configuration with a real-time sensing and communication framework. The proposed design utilizes four microstrip antennas operating at different frequency bands to support multiple aviation functions within a single platform. The antennas are initially designed at 1.81 GHz, 3.49 GHz, 4.55 GHz, and 7.55 GHz, while experimental measurements indicate resonances at 1.92 GHz, 3.52 GHz, 4.68 GHz, and 7.60 GHz, respectively. Both simulation and practical measurements are conducted to assess important antenna characteristics such as return loss, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), bandwidth, radiation efficiency, total efficiency, and gain. The observed results show close agreement between simulated and measured performance. Return loss values are consistently below −27 dB, and VSWR remains near unity, confirming effective impedance matching. The antennas demonstrate a wide bandwidth range from 48 MHz to 1427 MHz, allowing support for both narrowband and broadband applications. Radiation efficiency is maintained above 52% across all designs, reaching a peak value of 66.16%, while total efficiency improves up to 65.5% at higher operating frequencies. The gain results indicate stable radiation behavior suitable for airborne communication systems. To enhance system functionality, an embedded monitoring unit based on the ESP32 is integrated with multiple sensors for tracking parameters such as vibration, temperature, tilt, altitude, smoke levels, and position. The collected data is processed using a real-time decision mechanism to identify abnormal conditions. In such events, alerts are transmitted to a remote station through a GSM communication module, enabling prompt response. The complete system is implemented on a drone platform to validate its operational performance and integration capability. Experimental observations confirm that the proposed system ensures reliable communication, continuous monitoring, and timely alert generation. The overall approach provides a compact and efficient solution for improving aircraft safety and can be extended to next-generation aviation and unmanned aerial systems.
Keywords	Multiband Antenna, Aircraft Safety Monitoring, ESP32, GSM, HFSS, Embedded Systems.
Field	Engineering
Published In	Volume 8, Issue 3, May-June 2026
Published On	2026-05-02
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i03.76085

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Aircraft Saftey Monitoring System with Multi Band Antennas

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