International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Comparative Architecture Study of Google Cloud Platform and Amazon Web Services for Cloud Sovereignty in Financial Services

Author(s) Mr. Rajeew Vishvakarma, Lavkesh Dwived, Umesh Kumar Pandey, Sooraj Jacob
Country India
Abstract This study addresses the increasing adoption of public cloud platforms by financial institutions to enhance critical functions, such as payments, fraud monitoring, customer intelligence, risk reporting, digital banking, regulatory compliance, and cross-border analytics. Given the stringent sovereignty requirements inherent in regulated banking workloads, including data residency, access governance, encryption, auditability, operational resilience, third-party risk, and cross-border data transfer, there is a pressing need for a structured evaluation of cloud providers' sovereignty controls from a financial infrastructure perspective. This study presents a comparative analysis of the Google Cloud Platform (GCP) and Amazon Web Services (AWS) architectures within the framework of sovereignty-aware financial cloud systems. The evaluation was conducted across six dimensions: compliance alignment, privacy preservation, audit completeness, analytical utility, operational resilience, and transfer safety. The study systematically maps banking sovereignty requirements to GCP services, including Assured Workloads, BigQuery regional locations, VPC Service Controls, Cloud KMS, Sensitive Data Protection, Cloud Audit Logs, and Confidential VM, as well as AWS services such as AWS Control Tower, Service Control Policies, AWS KMS, AWS CloudTrail, AWS Config, Amazon Macie, Nitro Enclaves, VPC endpoints, and AWS Resilience Hub. A reusable framework and scenario-based evaluation model are proposed to assist financial institutions in assessing single-cloud, dual-cloud, and hybrid-cloud strategies under sovereignty constraints. The findings emphasize that sovereignty readiness is not inherent to any platform but is an architectural outcome shaped by workload sensitivity, jurisdictional obligations, configuration rigor, evidence generation, and operational governance maturity. This study offers a practical approach for financial entities to navigate the complexities of cloud sovereignty effectively.
Keywords cloud sovereignty, financial services, Google Cloud, AWS, banking infrastructure, data residency, operational resilience, auditability, public cloud governance, fintech infrastructure
Field Computer Applications
Published In Volume 8, Issue 3, May-June 2026
Published On 2026-06-12
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i03.81011
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CrossRef DOI prefix of IJFMR is 10.36948/ijfmr

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